What a beautiful holiday. Where did the celebration of May Day come from? May Day called Beltane, Beltine, Beltaine or Belltaine by the Celts, Walpurgis by the Teutons, and Floralia by the Romans, May festivals were a time of "wearing of the green."
Throughout the Northern Hemisphere, the month of May is a time to celebrate renewal of life. As the days lengthen and get warmer, we are greeted by the rebirth of the earth itself: bulbs come up and bloom, filling the air with their heady, tempting fragrance; birds chirp and sing as they return from their winter migrations to build their nests; cats yowl out their urgent readiness for motherhood. All around us are symbols of fertility, growth, warmth and light. It is the perfect time to throw a May Day party or Beltane Festival, to celebrate the end of winter hibernation and to reconnect with your friends and loved ones.
Beltane or May Day has been celebrated for thousands of years. Beltane is first mentioned in a glossary attributed to Cormac, bishop of Cashel and king of Munster, who was killed in 908. Cormac describes how cattle were driven between two bonfires on Beltane as a magical means of protecting them from disease.
Traditionally, Beltane festivities began days before May 1st or "May Day," when villagers traveled into the woods to gather the nine sacred woods needed to build the Beltane bonfires. The tradition of "May Boughing" or "May Birching" involved young men fastening garlands of greens and flowers on the windows and doors of their prospective ladyloves before the fires are lit Beltane night.
The nine sacred woods, each with various magickal properties. People would gather and dance around the fires through the night, jumping over the flames to ensure a successful and prosperous summer.
- Birch - The Goddess, or female energy
- Oak - The God, or male energy
- Hazel - Knowledge and wisdom
- Rowan (Mountain Ash) - Life
- Hawthorne - Purity and fairy magick
- Willow - Death, sacred to Hecate
- Fir - Birth and rebirth
- Apple - Love and family
- Vine - Joy and happiness
May is named for Maia, grandmother, the Goddess of death and fertility. Maia scorns marriage, so this is why courting was done in May put weddings off until June. Although less stern goddesses now oversee May festivities, wreaths and baskets of Hawthorn are still used in some May festivals in Maia's honor.
As with many Celtic customs, the type of flowers or branches used carried symbolic meaning, and much negotiating and courting could be worked out ahead of time.
Because the Celtic day started and ended at sundown, the Beltane celebration would begin at sundown on April 30th. After extinguishing all hearth fires in the village, two Beltane fires were lit on hilltops. The villagers would drive their livestock between the fires three times, to cleanse them and insure their fertility in the coming summer, and then put them to summer pasture. Then the human part of the fertility ritual would begin.
As dancing around the bonfires continued through the night, customary standards of social behavior were relaxed. It was expected that young couples would sneak off into a ditch, the woods or, better yet, a recently plowed field for a little testing of the fertility waters. Even after hand-fasting was replaced by the Christian tradition of monogamous marriage, the Beltane ritual continued with a new tradition: all marriage vows were temporarily suspended for the festival of Beltane. Many a priest would lament the number of virgins despoiled on this one night, but the tradition persevered. Babies born from a Beltane union were thought to be blessed by the Goddess herself.
Another use of the Beltane fires was for a purification ritual using a scapegoat or Fool. Special cakes made out of egg, milk and oatmeal, called bannocks, were passed around in a bonnet. One piece of bannock was charred, and whoever chose this piece was the Fool for that year's Beltane; it was believed that any misfortune would fall on the Fool, sparing the rest of the people. It is now generally believed to be a myth that the Fool was ever burned as a human sacrifice; this seems to have stemmed from Christian priests and their attempts to condemn Beltane festivities. Later customs called for the Fool to leap three times through the Beltane fire, and according to earlier customs the Fool was banned from all Beltane activity.
Beltane, is believed to be a time when the veil between the worlds is thought to be thin, a time when magic is possible. Beltane merrymakers must watch for Fairies. Beltane is the night when the queen of the fairies will ride out on her white steed to entice humans away to Faeryland. If you hear the bells of the Fairy Queen's horse, you are advised to look away, so she will pass you by; look at the Queen and your sense alone will not hold you back! Bannocks were also sometimes left for the Fairies, in hopes of winning their favor on this night.
The Puritans, reacted with pious horror to most of the May Day rites, even making Maypoles illegal in 1644 in the United States. And it wasn't until the 1950's that customs began to once more become practice in the United States celebrated as May Day. But for most, it is May 1 that is the great holiday of flowers, Maypoles, and greenwood frivolity. It was in 1977, Ian Anderson could pen the following lyrics for the band Jethro Tull:
For the May Day is the great day,
Sung along the old straight track.
And those who ancient lines did ley
Will heed this song that calls them back.
So this year celebrate Beltane by preparing a May basket filling it with flowers and goodwill and then give it to someone in need of healing and caring, such as a shut-in or elderly friend. Form a wreath of freshly picked flowers, wear it in your hair, and feel yourself radiating joy and beauty. Dress in bright colors. Dance the Maypole and feel yourself balancing the Divine Female and Male within. Wash you hair and face in the morning dew. On May Eve, bless your garden in the old way by making love with your lover in it. Make a wish as you jump a bonfire or candle flame for good luck. Welcome in the May at dawn with singing and dancing.
A Blessing for Beltane Eve
Bless , O God, true and bountiful,
Myself, my spouse, and my children,
Everything within my dwelling
From Beltane Eve to summer’s ending;
With goodly progress and protecting,
From sea to sea, and every river mouth,
From wave to wave, and every waterfall,
Bless the kine that leave the stall,
Bless the sheep that depart the fold,
Bless the goats on the mount of mist,
May Thou attend them and keep them blest,
Thou Being who attends to me
as I bend my knee to Thee.
Adapted from The Beltane Blessing by Carmina Gadelica
Happy Beltane or May Day...........Blessings........













































































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